The US is stepping up pressure on African states to cut longstanding military and diplomatic ties with North Korea as part of its push to squeeze the funding of Kim Jong Un’s nuclear missile programme.
美國(guó)正在加大對(duì)非洲國(guó)家的壓力，要求它們切斷與朝鮮的長(zhǎng)期軍事和外交聯(lián)系。這是美國(guó)擠壓金正恩(Kim Jong Un)核導(dǎo)計(jì)劃籌資努力的一部分。
US officials want African countries to expel North Korean workers and diplomats, alleging that Pyongyang’s 13 embassies on the continent double up as “profit making centres”.
美國(guó)官員希望非洲國(guó)家驅(qū)逐朝鮮工人和外交官。他們宣稱(chēng)，平壤方面在非洲大陸的13個(gè)大使館還扮演著“利潤(rùn)制造中心”的角色。
Washington says Pyongyang, which is seeking to develop nuclear missiles that can hit American cities, is using its military co-operation and arms deals with African states to obtain precious foreign currency. It also accuses some of the several thousand North Koreans believed to be living in Africa, including diplomats, of trafficking wildlife parts, such as rhino horn, another relatively easy source of foreign currency.
華盛頓方面表示，平壤方面正利用與非洲國(guó)家的軍事合作和武器交易獲取寶貴的外匯——朝鮮正在尋求研發(fā)可打到美國(guó)城市的核導(dǎo)彈。它還指稱(chēng)，據(jù)信在非洲生活的幾千名朝鮮人當(dāng)中，包括外交官在內(nèi)的一些人在販賣(mài)犀牛角等野生動(dòng)物器官。后者也是朝鮮一個(gè)相對(duì)容易的外匯來(lái)源。
US officials estimate that Pyongyang makes at least $100m through the supply of arms, military training, construction contracts and smuggling.
美國(guó)官員估計(jì)，平壤方面通過(guò)軍火供應(yīng)、軍事訓(xùn)練、建設(shè)合同和走私至少賺了1億美元。
Peter Pham, head of the Atlantic Council’s Africa Center in Washington, said that, although it might seem like “chump change”, it was “a fairly significant sum to the regime given the overall squeeze on its finances.” It was roughly 3-5 per cent of Pyongyang’s total annual foreign exchange earnings, he said.
華盛頓大西洋理事會(huì)(Atlantic Council)非洲中心負(fù)責(zé)人Peter Pham表示，雖然這些錢(qián)看起來(lái)“沒(méi)有多少”，但“鑒于朝鮮金融受到全面制裁，對(duì)其而言數(shù)目還是相當(dāng)可觀的”。他說(shuō)，它大約占到朝鮮年度外匯收入總額的3%至5%。
Last September, a UN panel of experts identified 11 African countries — Angola, Benin, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Eritrea, Mali, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, Ugandaand Zimbabwe — as having suspected military ties to Pyongyang.
去年9月，一個(gè)聯(lián)合國(guó)專(zhuān)家小組確定了涉嫌與平壤方面有軍事聯(lián)系的11個(gè)非洲國(guó)家——安哥拉、貝寧、博茨瓦納、剛果民主共和國(guó)、厄立特里亞、馬里、莫桑比克、納米比亞、坦桑尼亞、烏干達(dá)和津巴布韋。
Some African countries, including Sudan, which the US lists as a sponsor of terrorism, haveresponded to Washington’s demands in an effort to curry favour and extract concessions. LastOctober, after Khartoum committed itself to downgrading North Korea ties, the US easedsome sanctions. Namibia also initiated steps to cut military ties.
包括被美國(guó)列為恐怖主義資助者的蘇丹在內(nèi)的一些非洲國(guó)家對(duì)華盛頓方面的要求做出了回應(yīng)，以試圖討好美國(guó)和獲得讓步。去年10月，在蘇丹承諾降級(jí)與朝鮮的關(guān)系之后，美國(guó)放松了一些制裁。納米比亞也主動(dòng)減少了與朝鮮的軍事聯(lián)系。
